ആരാമം

Terminal Toolkit

4 min read

Windows Command Line

Files & Folders

Deleting a non empty directory 
rmdir /s /q $DIR_NAME
Creating a empty file 
type NULL > $FILE_NAME
Removing a File 
del $FILE_NAME

Variables

windows-installation\Users\USER-NAME\AppData\local 
%localappdata%

Windows Powershell

Paths

Copy the current directory path 
(Get-Location).Path | Set-Clipboard

Files and Folders

Copy the file 
Copy-Item -Path <source> -Destination <destination>
Remove the file 
Remove-Item -Path "C:\path\to\your\file.txt"
Rename the file 
Rename-Item -Path "C:\path\to\your\file.txt" -Newname "updatedname"
Move a file 
Move-Item -Path "C:\path\to\your\file.txt" -Destination "C:\path\to\your\destinaton"
Check file hash 
Get-FileHash -Path <string> [-Algorithm <string>]
Remove a non empty directory 
Remove-Item C:\path\to\non\empty\folder -Recurse -Force

Docker Command Line Interface

Create a new container 
docker run -it image-name
  • it - opens interactive shell
  • check if image is present locally, else fetch it from docker hub
List active containers 
docker container ls
List all (non-active/active) containers 
docker container ls -a
Run a container 
docker start container-name
Terminate a container 
docker stop container-name
Execute a command inside a container 
docker exec [-it] container-name command
To list Docker Images 
docker images
To map ports b/w host and image 
docker run -p base-port:image-port image-name
To map environmental variables b/w host and image 
docker run -e key1=value1 -e key2=value2 image-name
Containerize an Image
  • create a Dockerfile. Refer this page for example Dockerfile.
	FROM ubuntu
	// run inside image
	RUN command
	// copy code repo
	COPY source destination
	// example copy commands
	COPY package.json package.json
    COPY main.js main.js
    ENTRYPOINT ["entry"]
  • build the image
Docker build -t image-name dockerfile-folder
  • example
Docker build -t test-img .
  • t - tag the image so that it can be used along with start and stop commands
Check if docker can identify Nvida GPU drivers 
docker run --rm --gpus all nvidia/cuda:12.0.1-base-ubuntu22.04 nvidia-smi
Create from a `docker-compose.yaml` file 
docker compose up -d
Install Open-webui and Ollama as single image 
docker run -d -p 3000:8080 --gpus=all -v ollama:/root/.ollama -v open-webui:/app/backend/data --name open-webui --restart always ghcr.io/open-webui/open-webui:ollama

Arch Linux Commands

Updating the packages 
pacman -Syu
Installing package(s) 
pacman -S package1 package2
Installing .pkg.tar.zst packages using Pacman 
pacman -U [-noconfirm] <file-name.pkg.tar.zst>
Search for an installed package using Pacman 
pacman -Q | grep <pattern/package_name>
Update the name or move a file or directory 
mv source destination
Copy a file or directory 
cp source destination
Extracting a zip files 
unzip zipfile.zip -d output-directory
Update font cache 
fc-cache -fv
Remove non empty directory 
rm -r directory-name
Find a file in the system 
[sudo] find <path> -name name-or-extension
Changing the default terminal setting for Gnome console 
nvim ~/.bashrc

.bashrc

\u: Username
\h: Hostname up to the first .
\w: Current working directory
\A: Time in 24-hour format (HH)
\[\e[31m\]: Start of color sequence (red in this case)
\[\e[32m\]: Start of color sequence (green in this case)
\[\e[0m\]: Reset color to default
Creating a desktop launcher for any executable
  • user specific
nvim ~/.local/share/applications/appname.desktop
  • system specific
nvim /user/share/applications/appname.desktop

Contents of appname.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Hello World
Comment=Prints Hello, World! to the terminal
Exec=/home/username/hello-world.sh
Icon=utilities-terminal
Terminal=true
Type=Application
Categories=Utility;
  • make the file executable
chmode +x path/to/appname.desktop
Installing patch for Suckless terminal 
# Clone the suckless.org repository for the st terminal emulator
git clone https://git.suckless.org/st
 
# Navigate into the cloned repository directory
cd st
 
# Create a new directory to store patches
mkdir patches
 
# Download a specific patch file from a URL (replace with actual URL)
wget url-to-patch-file.diff
 
# Apply the downloaded patch to the st codebase, assuming it's a standard patch
patch -p1 < patch-file-name
 
# Move the original patch file into the patches directory (in case we want to revert it later)
mv patch-file.diff patches/
 
# Remove the config.h file (assuming it was created by the previous patch and no longer needed)
rm config.h
 
# Clean and install the st terminal emulator using sudo
sudo make clean install
Clean up the system
  • remove orphaned packages
sudo pacman -Rns $(pacman -Qtdq)
  • clear package cache
sudo paccache -r
  • clean package database
sudo pacman -Sc
  • remove unused configuration files
sudo find /etc -name "*.pacnew" -or -name "*.pacsave" -or -name "*.pacorig" -exec rm -i {} \;
  • check for broken packages
lddtree -l -R /usr/lib /usr/bin /usr/sbin 2>/dev/null | grep 'not found'
  • clean up logs
sudo journalctl --vacuum-time=2weeks
sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=100M
  • remove temporary files
sudo rm -rf /tmp/*
Setting the refresh rate for external monitor
  • Use the cvt command to generate a modeline for your desired resolution and refresh rate.
    For example, for a 1920 x 1080 resolution at 100hz
cvt 1920 1080 100
# output
1920x1080 99.90 Hz (CVT) hsync: 114.50 kHz; pclk: 285.50 MHz
Modeline "1920x1080_100.00"  285.50  1920 2064 2264 2608  1080 1083 1088 1160 -hsync +vsync
  • Now add the mode to display
xrandr --newmode "1920x1080_100.00"  285.50  1920 2064 2264 2608  1080 1083 1088 1160 -hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode HDMI-1 "1920x1080_100.00" #replace HDMI-1 with correct output name for the display
  • Set the display to use the new mode
xrandr --output HDMI-1 --mode "1920x1080_100.00"

Graph View

Backlinks